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Academic ResearchJanuary 31, 2023Tourism and Hospitality Research

Robot‑delivered tourism and hospitality services: How to evaluate the impact of health and safety considerations on visitors’ satisfaction and loyalty?

This study shows that guest satisfaction with robot-delivered service depends on more than the robot itself. Guests respond more positively when they feel comfortable, understand what the robot is doing, and trust the environment around the interaction. In practical hotel terms, robots work better when the arrival experience is smooth, the technology feels safe and predictable, and staff communicate clearly about its purpose. The business takeaway is that robot service should be designed as part of the overall guest experience, with attention to trust, safety, and context, not treated as a standalone hardware purchase.

Authors

M. Soliman, S. Gulvady, A. M. Elbaz, M. Mosbah, M. S. Wahba

Article content

What the paper studied

This study takes an applied look at robot-delivered tourism and hospitality services. The researchers surveyed 650 tourists in Egypt to understand what makes guests satisfied with robot interactions and what influences their loyalty afterward. Egypt is a useful setting because hotels there are modernizing service delivery while recovering from tourism disruption and competing internationally. The paper therefore speaks to a broader operator question: when robots enter the service journey, what makes them feel helpful rather than awkward, unsafe, or disconnected from hospitality?

Key findings

  • Emotional well-being was the strongest predictor of satisfaction. Guests who felt comfortable, welcomed, and positive were more likely to respond well to robot-delivered services. This means the conditions around the interaction matter: a smooth arrival, warm human welcome, clear environment, and low stress level all make robot service more likely to be received positively.
  • Perceived safety mattered heavily. Guests needed robots to move predictably, signal intent clearly, operate at appropriate speeds, and be explained well enough that people understood what the robot was doing. The paper points to both physical design and guest communication as part of the safety equation.
  • A property's green image contributed to satisfaction. Guests increasingly associate modern, efficient technology with environmental responsibility, so robots can support a sustainability story when deployed credibly and connected to a broader operating model.
  • Trust in the destination's healthcare system shaped acceptance of robot-delivered service, especially after COVID-19, when contactless service and health security became part of the guest's comfort calculation.

Why it matters for hospitality

The paper makes clear that robot adoption is not just a hardware decision. A technically capable robot can still disappoint if the guest is stressed, the arrival experience is poor, safety cues are unclear, or the property fails to explain how the robot fits into service. For operators, robot performance depends on the whole experience context around the interaction. The robot is one touchpoint inside a larger emotional, physical, and trust-based service environment.

This is especially relevant for properties trying to modernize without weakening hospitality warmth. Robots can help with delivery, contactless service, novelty, labor pressure, and operational consistency, but they do not automatically create satisfaction. Guests evaluate the technology through the lens of the broader stay: how they were greeted, how safe they feel, whether the property communicates clearly, and whether the destination feels reliable.

Practical takeaways

  • Design robot moments as part of the guest journey, not as isolated technology demos. Map what happens before, during, and after the robot interaction.
  • Prepare guests before the interaction through clear communication at arrival, visible safety cues, and staff who can explain the robot's role.
  • Pair robot deployment with a warm human service environment so automation does not inherit guest frustration or replace moments where empathy matters.
  • Use sustainability and contactless-service messaging where it is truthful, because those cues can strengthen acceptance and satisfaction.
  • Evaluate robot programs by guest comfort, safety perception, and loyalty intent, not only task completion or labor savings.

Tags

RoboticsOperationsGuest ExperienceTourismEthics

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